We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart disease, particularly diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). This condition is a significant cause of heart failure, yet until now, effective treatment options have been limited. Our study focused on the protective role of EPA in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diets.
Our findings indicate that EPA is beneficial in reducing the harmful M1-polarized macrophages in the heart. In laboratory tests, EPA showed the ability to protect heart cells from damage caused by these inflammatory cells by shifting the macrophage type from M1 to Mox, rather than to the M2 type. This is crucial since Mox polarization can help shield heart cells from the adverse effects of M1 macrophages.
Additionally, we discovered that a protein called heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a crucial role in sustaining this protective Mox phenotype. EPA promotes HO-1 levels, which in turn helps reduce M1 polarization and its damaging effects on heart cells. Even more promising, EPA was shown to enhance Mox polarization in macrophages derived from diabetic patients, indicating its potential as a treatment strategy.
Overall, our research highlights EPA and macrophage Mox polarization as innovative approaches to combat diabetic cardiomyopathy, showcasing a new avenue in the fight against heart disease.
Read More
8
Omega-3s may reduce coronary risk
A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events.
We explored the impact of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on heart disease via the large-scale VITAL study. This trial involved over 25,000 older adults in the U.S. who were monitored for about 5.3 years to assess how omega-3 FA supplementation influences cardiovascular events.
Although the findings from the VITAL trial indicated no significant results for major cardiovascular events, our analysis employing Bayesian methods suggested a different story. By incorporating previous research evidence, we found that daily supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids appears to significantly lower the risk of coronary events like heart attacks. However, it's important to note that this effect did not extend to reducing the risk of stroke.
Overall, this reevaluation supports the idea that omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, could play a meaningful role in heart health, especially for preventing coronary-related issues. While the trial didn't show an impact on all aspects of heart disease, the results regarding coronary events provide valuable insights for the use of omega-3s in primary prevention strategies.
Read More
8
DHA reduces heart disease mortality
Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.
We analyzed data from the UK Biobank involving 117,702 participants to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid found in marine sources, impacts long-term heart health and overall mortality. Over an impressive follow-up period of about 12.7 years, we explored the relationship between plasma DHA levels and various mortality causes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Our findings revealed that individuals with higher DHA levels had significantly lower risks of dying from all causes, including heart disease and cancer. Specifically, comparing those with the lowest DHA levels to those with the highest, we noted a remarkable 21% reduction in all-cause mortality, along with a 21% decrease in deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases.
This provides compelling evidence that increasing DHA intake could play a key role in supporting heart health and longevity. The results help substantiate the idea that DHA is beneficial, suggesting we might want to consider it as part of a healthy diet for better heart health and a longer life.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Organic heart support
I highly recommend Garden of Life, Oceans Mom, Strawberry DHA Prenatal for expectant mothers. It helps maintain heart and brain health during pregnancy. The strawberry flavour is enjoyable, and the capsules are easy to swallow with no unpleasant aftertaste. It's organic and free from artificial additives, making it a great choice.
Read More
9
Improved mood
Taking DHA during my pregnancy significantly improved my energy levels and mood while supporting my baby's brain and vision development. It's a vital supplement for both my health and the baby's, alleviating mental stress and contributing to heart health, hence ensuring harmonious development.
Read More
7.5
Supports heart health
Supports women's heart health with over 100% of the recommended DHA dose during pregnancy, all in one easy-to-swallow softgel, flavoured pleasantly with strawberry. This Omega-3 supplement offers purity, potency, and value, making it beneficial for both mothers and their baby during this critical stage.
We aimed to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a form of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), could benefit patients suffering from heart failure. Our investigation drew on a network meta-analysis that included data from 14 randomized controlled trials, comprising 9,075 participants. This analysis focused particularly on the effects of DHA and other omega-3s on heart health metrics.
The findings revealed that high doses of omega-3 PUFA supplementation, specifically between 2000 to 4000 mg daily for at least one year, significantly improved heart function. We observed notable enhancements in the left ventricular ejection fraction and peak oxygen consumption, crucial indicators of heart performance, when compared to control groups.
Interestingly, lower doses and shorter periods of supplementation did not yield the same positive results. Importantly, we found no significant increase in dropout rates or overall mortality among those taking omega-3 PUFAs compared to those who were not. This suggests that high-dose DHA supplementation can enhance cardiac function without raising safety concerns.
Overall, our research indicates that long-term, high-dose DHA can be a beneficial strategy in managing heart failure. However, we recognize that further well-designed trials with stringent criteria are needed to validate these findings fully.
Read More
9
DHA linked to reduced heart risks
Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, might help reduce the risk of heart disease, specifically sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cardiovascular mortality. Our investigation drew on data from ten prospective cohort studies involving over 310,000 participants and covered an average follow-up of nearly nine years.
The results were promising. We observed that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, in the blood were associated with a lower risk of adverse heart events. Specifically, individuals with elevated levels of DHA displayed a notable reduced risk for both SCD and overall cardiovascular mortality when compared to those with lower levels.
This correlation highlights DHA's potential role in heart health, making it an important focus for anyone looking to improve their cardiovascular wellness. Our findings suggest that increasing DHA intake could serve as a proactive step in protecting against serious heart conditions.
Read More
9
Fish oil benefits heart health
Fish Oil, Plasma n-3 PUFAs, and Risk of Macro- and Microvascular Complications among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.
We explored how fish oil supplementation and higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, are linked to the risks of heart disease and other complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Analyzing data from over 20,000 participants, we found that those who used fish oil regularly experienced fewer macrovascular issues, like coronary heart disease, and microvascular problems, such as diabetic retinopathy.
Specifically, the study revealed that taking fish oil led to a 10% lower risk of macrovascular complications overall. Moreover, the likelihood of heart disease decreased by about 9% for those who took fish oil when compared to those who didn't.
The positive effects were partially attributed to improvements in lipid profiles and inflammation markers. Higher concentrations of plasma DHA were particularly influential; those in the top quartile had a 32% reduced risk of heart disease. Our findings suggest that incorporating fish oil supplements and DHA into one’s diet may help protect against heart-related complications for people managing diabetes.
Read More
9
DHA may help combat CMS
An Atypical Course of Cardiomyopathy Syndrome (CMS) in Farmed Atlantic Salmon () Fed a Clinical Nutrition Diet.
We explored the impact of diet enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on combating cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in farmed Atlantic salmon. This condition is a serious concern, especially during the seawater phase, where it leads to substantial mortality rates.
In our field study, we focused on a commercial sea farm experiencing a severe outbreak of CMS. We implemented a clinical nutrition intervention that included both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA, aiming to see how these changes would affect the health of the salmon.
Following the introduction of this enriched diet, we observed a noticeable decline in mortality rates and a regression of the heart disease symptoms. Additionally, our analysis revealed a significant reduction in the viral load of the piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), showcasing a connection between dietary fatty acids and fish health.
The heart samples taken from the fish displayed increased levels of both EPA and DHA, strengthening our belief that optimizing these fatty acids in the diet may be beneficial during severe CMS outbreaks. While we must pursue further research to confirm these findings, the results are promising and indicate that nutrition can play a crucial role in managing heart disease in Atlantic salmon.
Read More
9
EPA helps fight heart disease
Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy.
We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart disease, particularly diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). This condition is a significant cause of heart failure, yet until now, effective treatment options have been limited. Our study focused on the protective role of EPA in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diets.
Our findings indicate that EPA is beneficial in reducing the harmful M1-polarized macrophages in the heart. In laboratory tests, EPA showed the ability to protect heart cells from damage caused by these inflammatory cells by shifting the macrophage type from M1 to Mox, rather than to the M2 type. This is crucial since Mox polarization can help shield heart cells from the adverse effects of M1 macrophages.
Additionally, we discovered that a protein called heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a crucial role in sustaining this protective Mox phenotype. EPA promotes HO-1 levels, which in turn helps reduce M1 polarization and its damaging effects on heart cells. Even more promising, EPA was shown to enhance Mox polarization in macrophages derived from diabetic patients, indicating its potential as a treatment strategy.
Overall, our research highlights EPA and macrophage Mox polarization as innovative approaches to combat diabetic cardiomyopathy, showcasing a new avenue in the fight against heart disease.
I highly recommend Garden of Life, Oceans Mom, Strawberry DHA Prenatal for expectant mothers. It helps maintain heart and brain health during pregnancy. The strawberry flavour is enjoyable, and the capsules are easy to swallow with no unpleasant aftertaste. It's organic and free from artificial additives, making it a great choice.
Read More
9
Improved mood
Taking DHA during my pregnancy significantly improved my energy levels and mood while supporting my baby's brain and vision development. It's a vital supplement for both my health and the baby's, alleviating mental stress and contributing to heart health, hence ensuring harmonious development.
Read More
7.5
Supports heart health
Supports women's heart health with over 100% of the recommended DHA dose during pregnancy, all in one easy-to-swallow softgel, flavoured pleasantly with strawberry. This Omega-3 supplement offers purity, potency, and value, making it beneficial for both mothers and their baby during this critical stage.
Read More
7.5
High-quality product
3 people found this helpful
My wife took these vitamins throughout her pregnancy for the high DHA content, essential for brain and heart development in the baby. The strawberry taste is pleasant, though there's a slight fishy aftertaste. The capsules are a bit large but manageable with water. We’d certainly consider this brand again for future needs.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and overall health. This umbrella term includes various cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, which is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart defects present at birth (congenital heart defects). Additionally, heart disease encompasses conditions related to the heart muscle, such as cardiomyopathy, and the heart's valves, which might not open or close properly. The effects of heart disease can be significant, impacting not only physical health but also quality of life, making prevention and timely medical intervention crucial.
Several risk factors contribute to the development of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. Genetics also play a role, as heart disease can run in families. To mitigate the risks, healthcare professionals typically recommend lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. For those already diagnosed with heart disease, treatment options can vary widely, ranging from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Understanding the nature of heart disease and its risk factors is an essential step toward prevention and effective management.
Pre and post-natal formulas are specialized dietary supplements designed to support the nutritional needs of women during pregnancy and postpartum recovery. Pre-natal formulas typically include a combination of essential vitamins and minerals, such as folic acid, iron, and calcium, to promote the health of both mother and developing baby. These nutrients are crucial for fetal development, reducing the risk of complications, and supporting the overall well-being of expectant mothers.
Post-natal formulas, on the other hand, focus on replenishing nutrients that may have been depleted during pregnancy and childbirth and enhancing recovery after delivery. They often contain additional nutrients to support breastfeeding, such as DHA and omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for infant brain development. Both types of formulas aim to ensure that mothers have the necessary nutrients for their health and their babies' development, making them an essential part of pre and post-natal care.
Scientific research shows that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, has potential benefits for heart health, particularly in reducing the risk of coronary-related events. The VITAL trial, which included over 25,000 older adults, indicated that daily supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with a significant reduction in coronary events, although it did not significantly impact all cardiovascular events or stroke risk [1]. Furthermore, a systematic review demonstrated that higher blood levels of DHA correlate with a lower risk of sudden cardiac death and overall cardiovascular mortality [3]. These findings highlight DHA's potential as a beneficial supplement for heart disease prevention.
Moreover, DHA supplementation has been linked to improved heart function in those with heart failure, particularly when taken at higher doses over longer durations [2]. Other studies have indicated that DHA helps lower triglycerides, increases HDL cholesterol, and may positively influence heart rate and blood pressure [5]. However, while the evidence supports the role of DHA in heart health, it is important to consider that not all aspects of heart disease are addressed by omega-3 supplementation. Ongoing research is essential to fully establish the wide-ranging effects of DHA on cardiovascular health.
Based on user reviews, many expectant mothers report notable improvements in their overall health and well-being after taking the Garden of Life Oceans Mom Strawberry DHA Prenatal supplement. Users have praised its ability to enhance energy levels and mood during pregnancy, with one reviewer specifically noting that taking DHA significantly alleviated mental stress while supporting both their health and the baby's brain and vision development Read Review. Additionally, the supplement is commended for its heart health benefits, with one user highlighting that it contains over 100% of the recommended DHA dose, beneficial for both mothers and their babies during this crucial developmental stage Read Review.
While individual experiences can vary, it's noteworthy that users appreciate the pleasant strawberry flavor and the easy-to-swallow softgel format, helping them maintain consistency in their prenatal regimen. Some users did mention a minor fishy aftertaste, but overall, the favorable reviews suggest that this supplement can be a significant aid in supporting key aspects of maternal and fetal health throughout pregnancy Read Review. With its organic composition and absence of artificial additives, it seems to stand out as a preferred choice among prenatal supplements.
Users report that Pre Post Natal Formulas, particularly those high in DHA like Garden of Life's Oceans Mom, are beneficial for heart health during pregnancy. Many users note that these formulas support both the mother's and baby's development, with one reviewer highlighting how the supplement significantly improved their energy levels and mood while contributing to heart health Read Review. Additionally, another user mentioned that the formula provides over 100% of the recommended DHA dose, which they found to be crucial during this crucial stage Read Review.
For those considering the right dose, many reviews suggest opting for products that prioritize high DHA content, as these are reported to provide essential support for heart and brain health. One reviewer also mentioned that their wife consumed these softgels consistently for the high DHA content needed for the baby’s brain and heart development, implying a strong endorsement for those seeking optimal dosing Read Review. Overall, users seem to favor softgel formulations that are easy to swallow and flavored for a more enjoyable experience during pregnancy.
9
Improved mood
Taking DHA during my pregnancy significantly improved my energy levels and mood while supporting my baby's brain and vision development. It's a vital supplement for both my health and the baby's, alleviating mental stress and contributing to heart health, hence ensuring harmonious development.
7.5
Supports heart health
Supports women's heart health with over 100% of the recommended DHA dose during pregnancy, all in one easy-to-swallow softgel, flavoured pleasantly with strawberry. This Omega-3 supplement offers purity, potency, and value, making it beneficial for both mothers and their baby during this critical stage.
7.5
High-quality product
3 people found this helpful
My wife took these vitamins throughout her pregnancy for the high DHA content, essential for brain and heart development in the baby. The strawberry taste is pleasant, though there's a slight fishy aftertaste. The capsules are a bit large but manageable with water. We’d certainly consider this brand again for future needs.
8
Omega-3s may reduce coronary risk
A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events.
We explored the impact of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on heart disease via the large-scale VITAL study. This trial involved over 25,000 older adults in the U.S. who were monitored for about 5.3 years to assess how omega-3 FA supplementation influences cardiovascular events.
Although the findings from the VITAL trial indicated no significant results for major cardiovascular events, our analysis employing Bayesian methods suggested a different story. By incorporating previous research evidence, we found that daily supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids appears to significantly lower the risk of coronary events like heart attacks. However, it's important to note that this effect did not extend to reducing the risk of stroke.
Overall, this reevaluation supports the idea that omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, could play a meaningful role in heart health, especially for preventing coronary-related issues. While the trial didn't show an impact on all aspects of heart disease, the results regarding coronary events provide valuable insights for the use of omega-3s in primary prevention strategies.
9
DHA linked to reduced heart risks
Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, might help reduce the risk of heart disease, specifically sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cardiovascular mortality. Our investigation drew on data from ten prospective cohort studies involving over 310,000 participants and covered an average follow-up of nearly nine years.
The results were promising. We observed that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, in the blood were associated with a lower risk of adverse heart events. Specifically, individuals with elevated levels of DHA displayed a notable reduced risk for both SCD and overall cardiovascular mortality when compared to those with lower levels.
This correlation highlights DHA's potential role in heart health, making it an important focus for anyone looking to improve their cardiovascular wellness. Our findings suggest that increasing DHA intake could serve as a proactive step in protecting against serious heart conditions.
9
Docosahexaenoic acid benefits heart health
The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis.
We aimed to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a form of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), could benefit patients suffering from heart failure. Our investigation drew on a network meta-analysis that included data from 14 randomized controlled trials, comprising 9,075 participants. This analysis focused particularly on the effects of DHA and other omega-3s on heart health metrics.
The findings revealed that high doses of omega-3 PUFA supplementation, specifically between 2000 to 4000 mg daily for at least one year, significantly improved heart function. We observed notable enhancements in the left ventricular ejection fraction and peak oxygen consumption, crucial indicators of heart performance, when compared to control groups.
Interestingly, lower doses and shorter periods of supplementation did not yield the same positive results. Importantly, we found no significant increase in dropout rates or overall mortality among those taking omega-3 PUFAs compared to those who were not. This suggests that high-dose DHA supplementation can enhance cardiac function without raising safety concerns.
Overall, our research indicates that long-term, high-dose DHA can be a beneficial strategy in managing heart failure. However, we recognize that further well-designed trials with stringent criteria are needed to validate these findings fully.
8
DHA shows promise for heart health
The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, affects cardiovascular health by reviewing various studies that compared DHA to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Our analysis included 24 publications from nine randomized controlled trials that provided insights into the separate effects of these two fatty acids.
DHA has been shown to lower triglyceride levels and possibly has a more significant impact on raising high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is considered protective for the heart. Interestingly, while DHA appears to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, it also increases the size of LDL particles, making them less likely to contribute to heart disease.
Furthermore, we observed that DHA demonstrates better results than EPA in reducing heart rate and lowering blood pressure. Both DHA and EPA have beneficial effects on platelet function, reducing the risk of clotting, and they also worked to lower markers of inflammation.
Notably, the effects on blood glucose levels were inconsistent, indicating that more research is needed. Overall, while there are promising benefits of DHA regarding various cardiovascular risk factors, the study suggests a need for further high-quality research to understand its impacts fully.
References
Hamaya R, Cook NR, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Manson JE. A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025. 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.028
Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Liang CS, Stubbs B, et al. The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2025;16:100366. 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100366
Kim JY, Kong SYJ, Jung E, Cho YS. Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2024;14. 10.3390/jcm14010026
O'Keefe EL, O'Keefe JH, Abuissa H, Metzinger M, Murray E, et al. Omega-3 and Risk of atrial fibrillation: Vagally-mediated double-edged sword. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2024. 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.11.003
Choi GY, Calder PC. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1423228. 10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228
Shi F, Chowdhury R, Sofianopoulou E, Koulman A, Sun L, et al. Association of circulating fatty acids with cardiovascular disease risk: analysis of individual-level data in three large prospective cohorts and updated meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32:233. 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae315
Amangurbanova M, Daher R, Asbeutah AA, Vemuri B, Mirza H, et al. Higher epicardial adipose tissue volume is associated with higher coronary fatty plaque volume and is regulated by waist circumference but not EPA+DHA supplementation. J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18:e773. 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.06.006
Lv L, Guo Y, Zheng Z, Li B. Blood metabolites mediate effects of breakfast skipping on heart failure via Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep. 2024;14:18957. 10.1038/s41598-024-69874-7
Wang Y, Yang B, Wang C. The association between fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases: A mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;63:447. 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.018
Tian S, Guo T, Qian F, Qiu Z, Lu Q, et al. Fish Oil, Plasma n-3 PUFAs, and Risk of Macro- and Microvascular Complications among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024. 10.1210/clinem/dgae482
Asbeutah AA, Daher R, Malik A, Hariri E, Alfaddagh A, et al. The Effect of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Subjects With Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. Am J Cardiol. 2024;225:98. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.06.001
Dinu M, Sofi F, Lotti S, Colombini B, Mattioli AV, et al. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary revascularization and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31:1863. 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae184
Braun TS, Drobner T, Kipp K, Kiehntopf M, Schlattmann P, et al. Validation of Nutritional Approaches to Modulate Cardiovascular and Diabetic Risk Factors in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia or Prediabetes-The MoKaRi II Randomized Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16091261
O'Keefe EL, O'Keefe JH, Tintle NL, Westra J, Albuisson L, et al. Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality. Mayo Clin Proc. 2024;99:534. 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.11.026
Zeinalabedini M, Ladaninezhad M, Mobarakeh KA, Hoshiar-Rad A, Shekari S, et al. Association of dietary fats with ischemic heart disease (IHD): a case-control study. J Health Popul Nutr. 2024;43:19. 10.1186/s41043-023-00489-w
Rennemo J, Berge K, Yousaf MN, Eriksen TB, Welde E, et al. An Atypical Course of Cardiomyopathy Syndrome (CMS) in Farmed Atlantic Salmon () Fed a Clinical Nutrition Diet. Microorganisms. 2023;12. 10.3390/microorganisms12010026
Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. 10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
Patil T, Gregory M, Savona N, Jarmukli N, Leonard CE. Evaluating the Real-World Safety of Icosapent Ethyl Versus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Nationwide US Veterans Cohort: Examining Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding Endpoints. Clin Drug Investig. 2025;45:69. 10.1007/s40261-024-01417-4
Capece U, Gugliandolo S, Morciano C, Avolio A, Splendore A, et al. Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake: Current Outlook and Perspectives for a Novel, Nutritionally Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16244318
Fukuda T, Nakajima T, Hasegawa T, Amano H, Arikawa T, et al. Relationship Between Serum ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentration and Fatty Acid Fraction of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Cureus. 2024;16:e73417. 10.7759/cureus.73417
Li J, Nan W, Huang X, Meng H, Wang S, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. EMBO Rep. 2024;25:5507. 10.1038/s44319-024-00271-x
Kumakura H, Funada R, Matsuo Y, Iwasaki T, Nakashima K, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Level Predicts Long-Term Survival and Cardiovascular or Limb Event in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Ann Vasc Dis. 2024;17:135. 10.3400/avd.oa.23-00079
Xiao Y, Chen Y, Pietzner A, Elbelt U, Fan Z, et al. Circulating Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels in Coronary Heart Disease: Pooled Analysis of 36 Observational Studies. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16111610
Sudo Y, Morimoto T, Tsushima R, Oka A, Sogo M, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid and the Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13:e033969. 10.1161/JAHA.123.033969
Miyauchi K, Iwata H, Nishizaki Y, Inoue T, Hirayama A, et al. Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (RESPECT-EPA). Circulation. 2024;150:425. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065520